QUIZ 1

Electronics: digital and analogue circuits 1(quiz 1)

1 / 36

Which logic gate is represented by the following Boolean equation: A’ + B’?

NAND

NOR

XOR

AND

2 / 36

What is the role of a pull-down resistor in a digital circuit?

To provide a stable reference voltage

To pull the input voltage down to a low state when the switch is open

To amplify the signal strength

To protect the circuit from overcurrent

3 / 36

Explain the concept of De Morgan’s theorem and how it is applied in digital logic.

4 / 36

Which type of logic gate is formed by combining an AND gate followed by a NOT gate?

NOR

NAND

XOR

XNOR

5 / 36

What is the purpose of using pull-up resistors in digital circuits?

To provide a path for current to flow to ground

To pull the input voltage up to a high state when the switch is open

To limit the current flowing through a component

To provide a stable reference voltage

6 / 36

Which theorem allows simplification of Boolean expressions by complementing both sides and changing AND to OR (and vice versa)?

Demultiplication theorem

De Morgan's theorem

Karnaugh's theorem

Boolean simplification theorem

7 / 36

What is the output of an AND gate if both inputs are high (1)?

High (1)

Low (0)

Depends on the specific gate

Can't say without more information

8 / 36

Which of the following is NOT a basic logic gate?

AND

OR

NOT

XOR

9 / 36

What is the primary function of a logic gate in digital circuits?

To amplify signals

To process analog signals

To perform logical operations

To control motors

10 / 36

What does the delay() function do in an Arduino sketch?

Initializes the Arduino

Sets the pin mode

Sends data to the Serial Monitor

Pauses the program for a specified number of milliseconds

11 / 36

Which function is used to measure the duration of a pulse in microseconds on a digital pin?

millis()

micros()

pulseIn()

delayMicroseconds()

12 / 36

How can you control the brightness of an LED connected to a PWM pin?

By using digitalWrite()

By using analogWrite()

By using digitalRead()

By using analogRead()

13 / 36

What is the purpose of a pull-up resistor in an Arduino circuit?

To limit the current through an LED

To pull the pin voltage up to a high state when not driven by another source

To protect the circuit from overvoltage

To stabilize the output voltage of the Arduino

14 / 36

Which command is used to send data from the Arduino to the Serial Monitor?

Serial.begin()

Serial.print()

Serial.read()

Serial.write()

15 / 36

Which library is commonly used for controlling an LCD display with an Arduino?

Wire.h

Servo.h

LiquidCrystal.h

Stepper.h

16 / 36

Which of the following components would you typically use to display text on an Arduino?

LED

LCD

Resistor

Capacitor

17 / 36

What is the maximum voltage that can be safely applied to an Arduino Uno’s analogue input pin?

3.3V

5V

12V

24V

18 / 36

How do you read an analogue value from a sensor connected to an analogue pin?

digitalWrite(pin)

digitalRead(pin)

pinMode(pin, OUTPUT)

analogRead(pin)

19 / 36

Which of the following commands is used to set a digital pin as an output?

digitalWrite()

digitalRead()

pinMode()

analogRead()

20 / 36

Which pin on the Arduino Uno is typically used for PWM output?

A0

D0

D13

D9

21 / 36

What is the purpose of the loop() function in an Arduino sketch?

To initialize variables and pin modes

To define the main program logic that runs repeatedly

To declare libraries

To handle errors

22 / 36

What is the purpose of the setup() function in an Arduino sketch?

To run the main loop of the code

To initialize variables and pin modes

To declare libraries

To define the main program logic

23 / 36

Which of the following is the main programming language used to write code for Arduino?

Java

Python

C/C++

JavaScript

24 / 36

What is an Arduino?

A type of resistor

A microcontroller development board

A type of sensor

A programming language

25 / 36

During quantisation, what is the rounding process used for?

To reduce the sampling rate

To adjust the amplitude to the nearest quantisation leve

To increase the signal frequency

To decrease the signal bandwidth

26 / 36

What happens to the quantisation error if the bit depth is reduced?

The quantisation error increases

The quantisation error decreases

The quantisation error remains the same

The quantisation error becomes zero

27 / 36

Quantisation is part of which larger process?

Digital to Analogue Conversion

Analogue to Digital Conversion

Frequency Modulation

Amplitude Modulation

28 / 36

Which of the following is NOT a result of increasing the bit depth in quantisation?

More storage space required

Higher resolution

Lower quantisation noise

Increased sampling rate

29 / 36

If an audio signal is quantised using 16 bits, how many quantisation levels are there?

16

256

1024

65536

30 / 36

Why is quantisation considered necessary for digital systems?

Because digital systems cannot process continuous amplitude values

Because it reduces the bandwidth of the signal

Because it increases the amplitude of the signal

Because it converts the signal to a continuous form

31 / 36

How does increasing the number of quantisation levels affect the digital representation of an analogue signal?

It decreases the sampling rate

It increases the quantisation error

It increases the resolution and decreases the quantisation error

It decreases the resolution and increases the quantisation error

32 / 36

What does quantisation error refer to?

The error due to the discrete nature of sampling

The difference between the original analogue value and the quantised digital value

The delay introduced during the conversion process

The noise added by the digital system

33 / 36

What is the primary purpose of quantisation in analogue to digital conversion?

To convert the signal from continuous time to discrete time

To reduce the signal's amplitude

To map the signal's amplitude to a finite set of levels

To increase the signal's frequency

34 / 36

Does the ripple effect cause potential problems in circuit operation, or is it negligible? Use a timing diagram for an n-bit counter to support your explanation.

It is negligible because the delay is very small.

It causes occasional errors that can be ignored.

It improves the circuit performance.

It causes significant problems due to delayed outputs.

35 / 36

Identify the circuit above:

Shift Register Circuit

Ripple Counter Circuit

Adder Circuit

Decoder Circuit

36 / 36

Are ripple counter circuits considered synchronous or asynchronous?

Synchronous

Asynchronous

Both

Neither

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