Interstellar medium

Interstellar Medium ISM

The quiz on Interstellar Medium (ISM) is a comprehensive 50-question assessment designed to evaluate a wide range of concepts. It is structured into three sections: multiple-choice questions, fill-in-the-blank questions, and true/false questions. Here’s a breakdown:

1 / 50

Transitions between different rotational / vibrational /
bending energy levels lead to emission – typically at
radio wavelengths. Stretching of the molecular bonds
leads to the absorption features in the near infrared.

2 / 50

Stars form in the dense regions of molecular clouds.

3 / 50

Reflection nebulae are primarily caused by ionized hydrogen gas.

4 / 50

21-cm radiation is produced by molecular hydrogen (H₂).

5 / 50

Emission nebulae appear blue because of the scattering of blue light.

6 / 50

The ISM is completely empty and contains no dust.

7 / 50

The distance modulus formula allows astronomers to determine the ______ to stars.

8 / 50

Interstellar reddening is caused by the scattering of ______ light more than red light.

9 / 50

Dark nebulae are regions in the ISM that obscure ______ from stars behind them.

10 / 50

The ISM consists of gas, dust, and ______ fields.

11 / 50

In astronomy, the term ______ refers to the process where starlight is dimmed as it passes through the ISM.

12 / 50

The most common elements in the ISM are hydrogen and ______.

13 / 50

The cumulative effect of scattering and absorption by dust in the ISM is called ______.

14 / 50

The coronal gas in the ISM has a temperature of around ______ K.

15 / 50

_____ are large clouds of gas and dust where stars are born.

16 / 50

A reflection nebula appears blue because it scatters ______ light more effectively.

17 / 50

The ISM affects starlight through two main processes: ______ and ______.

18 / 50

Molecular clouds typically have temperatures of around ______ K.

19 / 50

The wavelength of radiation produced by neutral hydrogen in the ISM is ______ cm.

20 / 50

The most common molecule in molecular clouds is ______.

21 / 50

Which of the following is true about interstellar molecules?

22 / 50

What process allows us to estimate the distance to stars using their apparent and absolute magnitudes?

23 / 50

How does interstellar reddening affect our view of distant stars?

24 / 50

Which type of cloud is the coolest in temperature?

25 / 50

The ISM contains which of the following?

26 / 50

How is interstellar dust most effectively observed?

27 / 50

What is a ‘Giant Molecular Cloud’ (GMC)

28 / 50

Where do molecular clouds tend to survive?

29 / 50

How are the interstellar absorption lines formed?

30 / 50

What is the dominant element in coronal gas?

31 / 50

What type of ISM is observed using UV light?

32 / 50

What is the primary source of coronal gas in the ISM?

33 / 50

Which part of the ISM produces strong X-ray emissions?

34 / 50

What type of nebula appears dark in front of a brighter background?

35 / 50

The ISM plays a role in star formation primarily in:

36 / 50

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of reflection nebulae?

37 / 50

What happens to blue light as it passes through an interstellar cloud?

38 / 50

Which radiation passes through interstellar dust clouds without being affected?

39 / 50

Which type of scattering is responsible for the blue color of the sky?

40 / 50

What causes dark nebulae to appear dark?

41 / 50

Which of the following molecules is the most common in molecular clouds?

42 / 50

The ISM between stars is mostly composed of:

43 / 50

What is the significance of the 21-cm line in astronomy?

44 / 50

In an emission nebula, what causes the gas to glow?

45 / 50

What type of nebula is created when dust scatters starlight?

46 / 50

What is the temperature range of molecular clouds in the ISM?

47 / 50

What type of radiation allows us to study neutral hydrogen in the ISM?

48 / 50

Which phenomenon explains why distant stars appear redder?

49 / 50

What is the main element that constitutes about 70% of the ISM’s mass?

50 / 50

What is the primary component of the Interstellar Medium?

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